Pine Nuts
Pine nuts weigh 135g per cup. They are small, soft, and expensive — if a recipe calls for a cup, weigh carefully. Pine nuts are essential for classic pesto and Italian cooking. Toast in a dry pan over medium-low heat for 2-3 minutes, shaking frequently, until golden. They burn in seconds, so watch constantly. Pine nuts have a short shelf life. Store in the refrigerator for up to one month or freeze for up to three months.
02 // FULL CONVERSION TABLE
03 // WHY IT MATTERS
If your cookies spread, your bread is gummy, or your cake sinks — flour weight is usually why.
A scooped cup of flour can weigh anywhere from 125g to 180g. That's a 44% range — enough to wreck a cake.
Modern recipes use the spoon-and-level method: fluff the flour, spoon it into a dry measuring cup without packing, then sweep flat with a knife.
The scoop method — pushing the cup directly into the bag — packs in 40-50% more flour.