White Wine
White wine weighs 240g per cup. For cooking, pick a dry wine you'd actually drink — "cooking wine" sold in supermarkets is salted and flavorless. Sauvignon blanc and pinot grigio are versatile defaults; chardonnay adds more body. Add early to burn off alcohol (about 30 seconds at a hard boil for sauces). For a non-alcoholic substitute, use vegetable broth plus 1 teaspoon vinegar per cup. Refrigerate after opening; use within a week.
02 // FULL CONVERSION TABLE
03 // WHY IT MATTERS
If your cookies spread, your bread is gummy, or your cake sinks — flour weight is usually why.
A scooped cup of flour can weigh anywhere from 125g to 180g. That's a 44% range — enough to wreck a cake.
Modern recipes use the spoon-and-level method: fluff the flour, spoon it into a dry measuring cup without packing, then sweep flat with a knife.
The scoop method — pushing the cup directly into the bag — packs in 40-50% more flour.